Many Cities and Villages
have followed the Michigan Legislature in creating municipal
civil infractions. These are violations of municipal
ordinances that were once criminal misdemeanors and have been
decriminalized to civil infractions.. They have civil
penalties, not criminal. The municipalities have then
created violation bureaus that process the civil infraction
notices. However, if a notice is not answered, a civil
infraction ticket is issued and the matter is forwarded to the
Court.A person who receives a
municipal civil infraction must answer the ticket either by
admitting responsibility, admitting responsibility with an
explanation, or by denying responsibility and requesting an
informal or formal hearing. If the infraction is denied,
an informal hearing is scheduled by the Court. If the
infraction is admitted or admitted with explanation, the Court
will impose a fine.
These infractions also allow either
party to request a formal hearing before the Judge. The
Judge may impose both monetary and/or equitable sanctions such
as orders to dispose of junk vehicles from the propery within a
prescribed period of time.
If a citizen receiving such a ticket
does not answer the citation, the Court will enter a default
judgment and the municipality may then pursue its legal
remedies as if this were a regular civil case. Also, if a
judgment is entered in favor of the municipality where the
infraction involves the use of land, and if the judgment is not
paid, the municipality may record the judgment as a lien
against the land.